This is the principle reason for the development of quantum technology, such as quantum computers, that promise superior performance over classical counterparts for certain tasks. 2 However, although superluminal transmissions of classical information is not possible, entanglement does allow for correlations beyond those allowed by classical theory. This requires the rejection of either the principle of local realism or non-superluminal signalling, and it is the former that is chosen in conventional QM. This means that the parts are not independent of one another, irrespective of the distance between them. However, things can get even stranger for multipartite systems: such systems can be entangled so that they are described by a single wavefunction that is not a product of the wavefunctions of the individual parts. The wavefunction obeys the superposition principle, which explains the famous double-slit experiment where it can appear as if a particle has travelled through both slits at the same time and then interfered with itself. ![]() 1 However, at different space and time scales, reality seems very different and is not in harmony with our experience.Īt small scales, Quantum Mechanics (QM) dominates where objects appear to no longer deterministically travel along exact points in space and are instead described by a wave function that evolves in time and only tells us the probability amplitudes for the possible results of measurements. The fundamental workings of amazing technologies, such as computers and mobile phones, are all based on these classical laws. The physics of these scales of space and time that we experience are described by Newton’s laws. In our experience, time flows and we see objects occupying a place in space. We all have an intuitive notion of what time and space are. Verification of such enhancements, as well as other QFTCS predictions in quantum experiments, would provide the first direct validation of this limiting case of quantum gravity. For example, recent theoretical work using QFTCS has illustrated that these quantum experiments could also be used to enhance measurements of gravitational effects, such as Gravitational Waves (GWs). In particular, we emphasise the importance of using the framework of Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime (QFTCS) in describing these experiments. Here we review recent advances in experimental and theoretical work on quantum experiments that will be able to probe relativistic effects of gravity on quantum properties. ![]() This is principally because experimental techniques in quantum physics have developed rapidly in recent years with the promise of quantum technologies. ![]() Probing GR at small length scales where quantum effects become relevant is particularly problematic but recently there has been a growing interest in probing the opposite regime, QM at large scales where relativistic effects are important. Theories and proposals for their unification exist but we are lacking experimental guidance towards the true unifying theory. However, despite the impressive predictive power of each theory in their respective regimes, their unification still remains unresolved. Both theories have transformed our view of physical phenomena, with QM accurately predicting the results of experiments taking place at small length scales, and GR correctly describing observations at larger length scales. At the beginning of the previous century, Newtonian mechanics was advanced by two new revolutionary theories, Quantum Mechanics (QM) and General Relativity (GR).
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